A Guide to Solar Trackers and Their Potential Benefits

Imagine lounging on a sunbed, strategically adjusting its angle to soak up the perfect amount of sunlight for an even suntan. Just as you move your sunbed to optimize sun exposure, solar trackers maximize solar panel’s energy generation by closely monitoring the sun’s movement. In this article, we’ll go into the world of solar trackers, looking at how they operate, where they’re mounted, the many types, costs, pros and cons, and, ultimately, if solar trackers are worth the investment. Let’s dive in.

What is a Solar Tracker and How Does It Work?

Solar trackers play a vital role in addressing a key challenge faced by traditional solar panels — their reduced performance when the sun is not hitting them directly. Unlike fixed-tilt panels, which remain in a static position throughout the day, solar trackers dynamically adjust the position of solar panels to ensure they are always facing the sun. By continuously tracking the sun’s movement, solar trackers maximize the exposure of the panels to direct sunlight, thereby optimizing energy generation.

As a result, solar trackers significantly enhance the performance and efficiency of solar panel systems by maintaining an optimal alignment with the sun’s rays throughout the day. This ability to adapt to the sun’s movement sets solar trackers apart, allowing them to capture the maximum amount of sunlight and generate more electricity compared to traditional fixed-tilt panels. Solar trackers are often installed on the ground or on large-scale solar projects, and they use motors, sensors, and control systems to modify the position of the panels. They are classified into two types: single-axis and dual-axis.

Types of Solar Trackers

As we just mentioned, solar trackers are classified into two types: single-axis and dual-axis. Each type acts differently and has its own set of benefits and drawbacks.

Single-axis trackers

These trackers revolve around a single axis, which is usually either east-west or north-south. Single-axis trackers are less expensive and easier to set up than dual-axis trackers. There are various types of single-axis trackers, including horizontal, vertical, and tilting trackers. Horizontal trackers are the most frequent, especially in low-latitude areas. They alter the tilt of the solar panels to maximize exposure as the sun moves from east to west.

To give you a practical example, consider a solar installation in a desert region with plenty of sunlight throughout the day. A single-axis tracker set on a horizontal axis would adjust the solar panels as the sun moved across the sky, ensuring that they were always directly facing the sun. By incorporating a single-axis tracker into your solar panel system, you can achieve a notable increase in solar energy generation, typically ranging from 25% to 35% compared to fixed panels.

Dual-axis trackers

On the other hand, dual-axis trackers are more sophisticated and can track the sun along both the east-west and north-south axes. This enables much more exact tracking of the sun’s location throughout the day and year, resulting in higher energy generation than single-axis trackers, offering an even greater energy enhancement of up to 30% to 45% percent when compared to a fixed system. Dual-axis trackers, however, are more expensive and require higher maintenance due to their extra complexity.

Consider a solar installation at a higher latitude, where the sun’s path across the sky varies more dramatically over the year. A dual-axis tracker would not only change the solar panels from east to west as the sun moves during the day, but it would also take into consideration the sun’s changing height in the sky. A dual-axis tracker can maximize energy generation in places with varying sun angles by continuously moving the panels to face the sun directly.

Pros and Cons of Solar Trackers

We’ve seen how single-axis trackers are a less expensive option that can provide large energy generation improvements in places with steady sunlight, whereas dual-axis trackers offer even greater efficiency benefits but at a higher cost and with more maintenance requirements. The decision between the two is based on your specific requirements, location, and money. Now that you got the gist of it, let’s take a look at the benefits and disadvantages of solar trackers in general.

Pros:

• Increased energy generation: Solar trackers can considerably increase a solar panel system’s energy production, thereby reducing your dependency on grid-supplied electricity and cutting your energy expenses. As mentioned above, a single-axis tracker can generate 25-35% more solar energy than a fixed system, while a dual-axis tracker can increase production by 30-45%.

• Improved land utilization: When compared to fixed-tilt systems, solar trackers can generate more energy per unit of land, making them an appealing option for land-constrained projects or installations where output is critical.

• Flexible siting: Solar trackers can be set on a number of terrains, including uneven or inclined terrain.

Cons:

• Higher initial cost: Solar trackers can range in cost from $500 to $1,000 per module. Adding them to a solar panel system can increase the overall cost by 40% to 100% and potentially double the payback period.

• Increased maintenance: Solar trackers’ motors, sensors, and control systems require more maintenance than fixed-tilt systems, which can contribute to long-term costs.

• Space requirements: Due to their moving parts and bigger footprint, solar trackers often demand more room than fixed-tilt systems.

Solar Tracker Costs

As previously stated, solar trackers increase the overall cost of a solar panel system. The precise cost depends on elements such as tracker type, system size, and local market conditions. According to Energy Sage, the cost of solar trackers can vary significantly depending on your system size and requirements, typically ranging from $500 to $1,000 per module. It’s important to note that adding solar trackers can increase the overall cost of a system by 40% to 100%. This may result in a longer payback period for your solar panels, potentially doubling the time it takes to recoup your investment.

On the plus side, solar trackers have the ability to boost energy generation, which may offset their greater initial cost over time. In the following part, we’ll look at when it makes sense to buy a solar tracker.

Evaluating the Worth of Solar Trackers

To assess whether solar trackers are worthwhile, consider the factors stated above and weigh the possible benefits against the costs. In places with plenty of sunlight and appropriate space, the increased energy generation can quickly outweigh the additional cost of the solar tracker, making it a good investment. However, in areas with less sunlight or limited space, the benefits of solar trackers may not justify their higher costs. Consult a solar expert to examine your individual situation and determine whether a solar tracker is the best option for your solar panel installation.

Solar Tracker Innovations and Future Trends

Manufacturers are attempting to increase the efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness of solar tracker technology. The creation of more robust and efficient motors, smarter control systems, and innovative materials that can resist extreme climatic conditions are examples of field innovations. Solar trackers are projected to become more economical and accessible as the solar industry grows, making them a more viable alternative for a larger range of solar installations.

The Verdict – Is It Worth Investing in Solar Trackers?

Solar trackers are generally not recommended in most home systems. Solar panel prices have dropped significantly over the last decade and are anticipated to continue falling. Spending extra money on equipment to regularly move your solar panels might result in greater upfront expenses and increased energy use, which reduces your household’s overall efficiency.

On the other hand, solar trackers, can be a worthwhile investment for commercial projects. Given the larger scale of these systems, the increased efficiency afforded by solar trackers can result in significant energy output improvements, eventually balancing the increased installation and maintenance costs. In cases like these, the advantages of solar trackers can outweigh the costs, making them a worthwhile long-term investment.

The decision to invest in solar trackers ultimately comes down to your personal scenario, geography, and energy needs. Here’s a rundown of the elements to think about when making your decision:

• Location: Solar trackers can considerably boost energy output if you live in an area with high levels of direct sunshine throughout the day and low shadowing. Solar trackers may not be as beneficial in areas with fluctuating sunlight or heavy shadows.
• Space availability: Solar trackers require some additional space for their movement and tracking mechanisms. It’s important to factor in the space requirements for solar trackers’ movement and consider whether your installation site can accommodate these additional spatial needs.Solar trackers can help you create more electricity from a smaller number of panels, which can be a cost-effective alternative if you have enough room for your solar installation. If you have a limited amount of room, you may want to consider installing a larger number of fixed-tilt panels to enhance energy generation.
• Budget: When compared to fixed-tilt panels, solar trackers require a larger initial expenditure, increasing the overall cost of a system by 40% to 100%. If you have a limited budget, you should consider the long-term benefits of improved energy output against the initial costs of installing trackers.
• Maintenance requirements: Solar trackers, particularly dual-axis systems, necessitate more maintenance than fixed-tilt panels. A fixed-tilt system may be a better alternative if you are not prepared for the additional upkeep and probable repairs.

Solar trackers can be a useful investment for individuals who live in ideal locations with enough space and are prepared to handle the additional maintenance requirements. While the initial expenses may be higher, the increased energy production can result in long-term energy bill reductions. If you live in a region with less constant sunlight, limited space, or a limited budget, a fixed-tilt solar installation may be the better option. Finally, you must evaluate your specific demands, location, and financial position to determine whether solar trackers are a good investment for you.

Innovations in Solar Tracker Technology

Solar trackers, like all technologies, are evolving, with new breakthroughs promising to make them even more efficient and cost-effective in the future. Some of the most recent advancements in sun tracker technology include:

• Machine learning and AI: Integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning into solar tracker systems enables for higher energy production optimization. These intelligent systems can assess weather patterns, sun position, and other factors to more precisely alter the panels, resulting in increased efficiency.
• Advanced materials: Researchers are working on new materials for solar trackers that are lighter, more durable, and more resistant to the environment. These advancements will help to reduce the system’s total weight and cost while also prolonging its lifespan.
• Hybrid systems: Some manufacturers are investigating the creation of hybrid systems that combine the advantages of fixed-tilt and tracking technology. These devices may change their position based on the time of day or season, making them more responsive to changing light conditions and improving energy production.

Environmental Considerations for Solar Trackers

In addition to the positives and negatives stated above, the environmental impact of solar trackers must be considered when considering whether to incorporate them into your solar panel system.

• Reduced carbon footprint: Solar trackers can assist minimize the overall carbon footprint of a solar installation by enhancing the efficiency of solar energy generation. This is because increasing energy generation can compensate for the emissions caused by grid-supplied electricity.
• Water consumption: Solar power systems, including trackers, consume far less water than typical fossil-fuel-based power plants. You can further optimize your water usage by installing solar trackers into your system, which generates more electricity from fewer panels.
• Habitat preservation: Because solar trackers create more electricity per unit of land, they can assist reduce the amount of land needed for solar arrays. This has the ability to lessen the impact on local ecosystems and aid in the preservation of wildlife habitat.
• Noise pollution: During operation, solar trackers, particularly ones with motors and gears, might generate some noise. However, this noise is usually insignificant and is unlikely to cause major disruption to adjacent residents or wildlife.
• Material requirements: When compared to fixed-tilt systems, solar trackers demand more materials, which might raise the overall environmental impact of the installation. However, greater energy generating efficiency may counterbalance this influence over time.
• End-of-life disposal: Solar trackers, like other solar panels, have a limited lifespan. Proper disposal and recycling of solar tracker materials is critical to minimizing their environmental impact at the end of its life cycle.
• Land use: Due to the movement of the panels, solar arrays with trackers require more area than fixed-tilt systems. This can result in greater land use and potentially negative effects on local ecosystems. Solar trackers, on the other hand, can help to reduce the overall land footprint of a solar installation by generating more electricity from a lower number of panels.

When Not to Use Solar Trackers

While solar trackers can provide substantial benefits in terms of energy production and efficiency, they may not be the best option in the following situations:

• Small-scale residential installations: For most residential solar panel systems, the additional expense and maintenance needs of solar trackers may not be justified by the potential benefits in energy production. Fixed-tilt systems may be more cost-effective and practical in some situations.
• Shadowed or blocked places: Solar trackers may not be as effective in areas where solar panels frequently experience shading from trees, buildings, or other obstructions. In these situations, optimizing panel placement and orientation to avoid shading can be more beneficial for maximizing energy generation than purchasing solar trackers.
• High-latitude locations with limited sunlight: In regions with high latitudes and reduced sunlight, particularly during the winter months, solar trackers may not yield significant gains in energy production. Fixed-tilt systems may be more appropriate in such instances to ensure optimal performance.

Wrapping Up

Finally, solar trackers are analogous to sunbathers adjusting their sunbeds to attain the perfect tan, as they assist solar panels in following the movement of the sun for optimal energy generation. However, much as sunbathers can acquire a good tan without constantly adjusting their sunbeds, solar panels without trackers can generate enough energy for household requirements.

There are single-axis and dual-axis trackers available, each with its own set of pros and limitations. To assess whether solar trackers are a desirable addition to your solar panel system, you must weigh the potential benefits against issues such as location, space availability, money, and maintenance requirements. As you consider investing in solar trackers, contact a solar professional to determine their suitability for your individual needs. Solar trackers may become an increasingly appealing choice for harvesting the sun’s energy in the near future as the solar industry advances. Solar panels without trackers may still be the most cost-effective option for household installations, while commercial projects can profit from their increased efficiency. You may optimize the potential of your solar panel system and contribute to a more sustainable future by carefully examining your situation and keeping an eye on the growing solar technology landscape.

Frequently Asked Questions